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    Threat Log Fields

    Table of Contents

    Threat Log Fields

    Details about the fields in the next-gen firewall Threat logs.
    Format: FUTURE_USE, Receive Time, Serial Number, Type, Threat/Content Type, FUTURE_USE, Generated Time, Source Address, Destination Address, NAT Source IP, NAT Destination IP, Rule Name, Source User, Destination User, Application, Virtual System, Source Zone, Destination Zone, Inbound Interface, Outbound Interface, Log Action, FUTURE_USE, Session ID, Repeat Count, Source Port, Destination Port, NAT Source Port, NAT Destination Port, Flags, IP Protocol, Action, URL/Filename, Threat ID, Category, Severity, Direction, Sequence Number, Action Flags, Source Location, Destination Location, FUTURE_USE, Content Type, PCAP_ID, File Digest, Cloud, URL Index, User Agent, File Type, X-Forwarded-For, Referer, Sender, Subject, Recipient, Report ID, Device Group Hierarchy Level 1, Device Group Hierarchy Level 2, Device Group Hierarchy Level 3, Device Group Hierarchy Level 4, Virtual System Name, Device Name, FUTURE_USE, Source VM UUID, Destination VM UUID, HTTP Method, Tunnel ID/IMSI, Monitor Tag/IMEI, Parent Session ID, Parent Start Time, Tunnel Type, Threat Category, Content Version, FUTURE_USE, SCTP Association ID, Payload Protocol ID, HTTP Headers, URL Category List, Rule UUID, HTTP/2 Connection, Dynamic User Group Name, XFF Address, Source Device Category, Source Device Profile, Source Device Model, Source Device Vendor, Source Device OS Family, Source Device OS Version, Source Hostname, Source MAC Address, Destination Device Category, Destination Device Profile, Destination Device Model, Destination Device Vendor, Destination Device OS Family, Destination Device OS Version, Destination Hostname, Destination MAC Address, Container ID, POD Namespace, POD Name, Source External Dynamic List, Destination External Dynamic List, Host ID, Serial Number, Domain EDL, Source Dynamic Address Group, Destination Dynamic Address Group, Partial Hash, High Resolution Timestamp, Reason, Justification, A Slice Service Type, Application Subcategory, Application Category, Application Technology, Application Risk, Application Characteristic, Application Container, Tunneled Application, Application SaaS, Application Sanctioned State, Cloud Report ID, Cluster Name, Flow Type
    Field Name
    Description
    Receive Time (receive_time or cef-formatted-receive_time)
    Time the log was received at the management plane.
    Serial Number (serial #)
    Serial number of the firewall that generated the log.
    Type (type)
    Specifies the type of log; value is THREAT.
    Threat/Content Type (subtype)
    Subtype of threat log. Values include the following:
    • data—Data pattern matching a Data Filtering profile.
    • file—File type matching a File Blocking profile.
    • flood—Flood detected via a Zone Protection profile.
    • packet—Packet-based attack protection triggered by a Zone Protection profile.
    • scan—Scan detected via a Zone Protection profile.
    • spyware —Spyware detected via an Anti-Spyware profile.
    • url—URL filtering log.
    • ml-virus—Virus detected by WildFire Inline ML via an Antivirus profile.
    • virus—Virus detected via an Antivirus profile.
    • vulnerability —Vulnerability exploit detected via a Vulnerability Protection profile.
    • wildfire —A WildFire verdict generated when the firewall submits a file to WildFire per a WildFire Analysis profile and a verdict (malware, phishing, grayware, or benign, depending on what you are logging) is logged in the WildFire Submissions log.
    • wildfire-virus—Virus detected via an Antivirus profile.
    Generate Time (time_generated or cef-formatted-time_generated)
    Time the log was generated on the dataplane.
    Source address (src)
    Original session source IP address.
    Destination address (dst)
    Original session destination IP address.
    NAT Source IP (natsrc)
    If source NAT performed, the post-NAT source IP address.
    NAT Destination IP (natdst)
    If destination NAT performed, the post-NAT destination IP address.
    Rule Name (rule)
    Name of the rule that the session matched.
    Source User (srcuser)
    Username of the user who initiated the session.
    Destination User (dstuser)
    Username of the user to which the session was destined.
    Application (app)
    Application associated with the session.
    Virtual System (vsys)
    Virtual System associated with the session.
    Source Zone (from)
    Zone the session was sourced from.
    Destination Zone (to)
    Zone the session was destined to.
    Inbound Interface (inbound_if)
    Interface that the session was sourced from.
    Outbound Interface (outbound_if)
    Interface that the session was destined to.
    Log Action (logset)
    Log Forwarding Profile that was applied to the session.
    Session ID (sessionid)
    An internal numerical identifier applied to each session.
    Repeat Count (repeatcnt)
    Number of sessions with same Source IP, Destination IP, Application, and Content/Threat Type seen within 5 seconds.
    Source Port (sport)
    Source port utilized by the session.
    Destination Port (dport)
    Destination port utilized by the session.
    NAT Source Port (natsport)
    Post-NAT source port.
    NAT Destination Port (natdport)
    Post-NAT destination port.
    Flags (flags)
    32-bit field that provides details on session; this field can be decoded by AND-ing the values with the logged value:
    • 0x80000000—session has a packet capture (PCAP)
    • 0x40000000—option is enabled to allow a client to use multiple paths to connect to a destination host
    • 0x20000000—file is submitted to WildFire for a verdict
    • 0x10000000—enterprise credential submission by end user detected
    • 0x08000000— source for the flow is on an allow list and not subject to recon protection
    • 0x02000000—IPv6 session
    • 0x01000000—SSL session is decrypted (SSL Proxy)
    • 0x00800000—session is denied via URL filtering
    • 0x00400000—session has a NAT translation performed
    • 0x00200000—user information for the session was captured through Authentication Portal
    • 0x00100000—application traffic is on a non-standard destination port
    • 0x00080000 —X-Forwarded-For value from a proxy is in the source user field
    • 0x00040000 —log corresponds to a transaction within a http proxy session (Proxy Transaction)
    • 0x00020000—Client to Server flow is subject to policy based forwarding
    • 0x00010000—Server to Client flow is subject to policy based forwarding
    • 0x00008000 —session is a container page access (Container Page)
    • 0x00002000 —session has a temporary match on a rule for implicit application dependency handling. Available in PAN-OS 5.0.0 and above.
    • 0x00000800 —symmetric return is used to forward traffic for this session
    • 0x00000400—decrypted traffic is being sent out clear text through a mirror port
    • 0x00000010—payload of the outer tunnel is being inspected
    IP Protocol (proto)
    IP protocol associated with the session.
    Action (action)
    Action taken for the session; values are alert, allow, deny, drop, drop-all-packets, reset-client, reset-server, reset-both, block-url.
    • alert—threat or URL detected but not blocked
    • allow— flood detection alert
    • deny—flood detection mechanism activated and deny traffic based on configuration
    • drop— threat detected and associated session was dropped
    • reset-client —threat detected and a TCP RST is sent to the client
    • reset-server —threat detected and a TCP RST is sent to the server
    • reset-both —threat detected and a TCP RST is sent to both the client and the server
    • block-url —URL request was blocked because it matched a URL category that was set to be blocked
    • block-ip—threat detected and client IP is blocked
    • random-drop—flood detected and packet was randomly dropped
    • sinkhole—DNS sinkhole activated
    • syncookie-sent—syncookie alert
    • block-continue (URL subtype only)—a HTTP request is blocked and redirected to a Continue page with a button for confirmation to proceed
    • continue (URL subtype only)—response to a block-continue URL continue page indicating a block-continue request was allowed to proceed
    • block-override (URL subtype only)—a HTTP request is blocked and redirected to an Admin override page that requires a pass code from the firewall administrator to continue
    • override-lockout (URL subtype only)—too many failed admin override pass code attempts from the source IP. IP is now blocked from the block-override redirect page
    • override (URL subtype only)—response to a block-override page where a correct pass code is provided and the request is allowed
    • block (Wildfire only)—file was blocked by the firewall and uploaded to Wildfire
    URL/Filename (misc)
    Field with variable length. A Filename has a maximum of 63 characters. A URL has a maximum of 1023 characters
    The actual URI when the subtype is url
    File name or file type when the subtype is file
    File name when the subtype is virus
    File name when the subtype is wildfire-virus
    File name when the subtype is wildfire
    URL or File name when the subtype is vulnerability if applicable
    URL when Threat Category is domain-edl
    Spoofed SNI domain when a host header mismatch is detected (identified by a unique threat ID of 86467).
    Threat/Content Name (threatid)
    Palo Alto Networks identifier for known and custom threats. It is a description string followed by a 64-bit numerical identifier in parentheses for some Subtypes:
    • 8000 – 8099— scan detection
    • 8500 – 8599— flood detection
    • 9999— URL filtering log
    • 10000 – 19999 —spyware phone home detection
    • 20000 – 29999 —spyware download detection
    • 30000 – 44999 —vulnerability exploit detection
    • 52000 – 52999— filetype detection
    • 60000 – 69999 —data filtering detection
    If the Domain EDL field is populated, then this field is populated with the same value.
    Threat ID ranges for virus detection, WildFire signature feed, and DNS C2 signatures used in previous releases have been replaced with permanent, globally unique IDs. Refer to the Threat/Content Type (subtype) and Threat Category (thr_category) field names to create updated reports, filter threat logs, and ACC activity.
    Category (category)
    For URL Subtype, it is the URL Category; For WildFire subtype, it is the verdict on the file and is either ‘malware’, ‘phishing’, ‘grayware’, or ‘benign’; For other subtypes, the value is ‘any’.
    Severity (severity)
    Severity associated with the threat; values are informational, low, medium, high, critical.
    Direction (direction)
    Indicates the direction of the attack, client-to-server or server-to-client:
    • 0—direction of the threat is client to server
    • 1—direction of the threat is server to client
    Sequence Number (seqno)
    A 64-bit log entry identifier incremented sequentially. Each log type has a unique number space.
    Action Flags (actionflags)
    A bit field indicating if the log was forwarded to Panorama.
    Source Country (srcloc)
    Source country or Internal region for private addresses. Maximum length is 32 bytes.
    Destination Country (dstloc)
    Destination country or Internal region for private addresses. Maximum length is 32 bytes.
    Content Type (contenttype)
    Applicable only when Subtype is URL.
    Content type of the HTTP response data. Maximum length 32 bytes.
    PCAP ID (pcap_id)
    The packet capture (pcap) ID is a 64 bit unsigned integral denoting an ID to correlate threat pcap files with extended pcaps taken as a part of that flow. All threat logs will contain either a pcap_id of 0 (no associated pcap), or an ID referencing the extended pcap file.
    File Digest (filedigest)
    Only for WildFire subtype; all other types do not use this field
    The filedigest string shows the binary hash of the file sent to be analyzed by the WildFire service.
    Cloud (cloud)
    Only for WildFire subtype; all other types do not use this field.
    The cloud string displays the FQDN of either the WildFire appliance (private) or the WildFire cloud (public) from where the file was uploaded for analysis.
    URL Index (url_idx)
    Used in URL Filtering and WildFire subtypes.
    When an application uses TCP keepalives to keep a connection open for a length of time, all the log entries for that session have a single session ID. In such cases, when you have a single threat log (and session ID) that includes multiple URL entries, the url_idx is a counter that allows you to correlate the order of each log entry within the single session.
    For example, to learn the URL of a file that the firewall forwarded to WildFire for analysis, locate the session ID and the url_idx from the WildFire Submissions log and search for the same session ID and url_idx in your URL filtering logs. The log entry that matches the session ID and url_idx will contain the URL of the file that was forwarded to WildFire.
    User Agent (user_agent)
    Only for the URL Filtering subtype; all other types do not use this field.
    The User Agent field specifies the web browser that the user used to access the URL, for example Internet Explorer. This information is sent in the HTTP request to the server.
    File Type (filetype)
    Only for WildFire subtype; all other types do not use this field.
    Specifies the type of file that the firewall forwarded for WildFire analysis.
    X-Forwarded-For (xff)
    Only for the URL Filtering subtype; all other types do not use this field.
    The X-Forwarded-For field in the HTTP header contains the IP address of the user who requested the web page. It allows you to identify the IP address of the user, which is useful particularly if you have a proxy server on your network that replaces the user IP address with its own address in the source IP address field of the packet header.
    Based on different appliance implementations, the XFF field may contain non-IP address values.
    Referer (referer)
    Only for the URL Filtering subtype; all other types do not use this field.
    The Referer field in the HTTP header contains the URL of the web page that linked the user to another web page; it is the source that redirected (referred) the user to the web page that is being requested.
    Sender (sender)
    Specifies the name of the sender of an email.
    Subject (subject)
    Specifies the subject of an email.
    Recipient (recipient)
    Specifies the name of the receiver of an email.
    Report ID (reportid)
    Only for Data Filtering and WildFire subtype; all other types do not use this field.
    Identifies the analysis request on the firewall, WildFire cloud, or the WildFire appliance.
    Device Group Hierarchy (dg_hier_level_1 to dg_hier_level_4)
    A sequence of identification numbers that indicate the device group’s location within a device group hierarchy. The firewall (or virtual system) generating the log includes the identification number of each ancestor in its device group hierarchy. The shared device group (level 0) is not included in this structure.
    If the log values are 12, 34, 45, 0, it means that the log was generated by a firewall (or virtual system) that belongs to device group 45, and its ancestors are 34, and 12. To view the device group names that correspond to the value 12, 34 or 45, use one of the following methods:
    API query: 
    /api/?type=op&cmd=<show><dg-hierarchy></dg-hierarchy></show>
    Virtual System Name (vsys_name)
    The name of the virtual system associated with the session; only valid on firewalls enabled for multiple virtual systems.
    Device Name (device_name)
    The hostname of the firewall on which the session was logged.
    Source VM UUID (src_uuid)
    Identifies the source universal unique identifier for a guest virtual machine in the VMware NSX environment.
    Destination VM UUID (dst_uuid)
    Identifies the destination universal unique identifier for a guest virtual machine in the VMware NSX environment.
    HTTP Method (http_method)
    Only in URL filtering logs. Describes the HTTP Method used in the web request. Only the following methods are logged: Connect, Delete, Get, Head, Options, Post, Put.
    Tunnel ID/IMSI (tunnel_id/imsi)
    International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) is a unique number allocated to each mobile subscriber in the GSM/UMTS/EPS system. IMSI shall consist of decimal digits (0 through 9) only and maximum number of digits allowed are 15.
    Monitor Tag/IMEI (monitortag/imei)
    International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) is a unique 15 or 16 digit number allocated to each mobile station equipment.
    Parent Session ID (parent_session_id)
    ID of the session in which this session is tunneled. Applies to inner tunnel (if two levels of tunneling) or inside content (if one level of tunneling) only.
    Parent Session Start Time (parent_start_time)
    Year/month/day hours:minutes:seconds that the parent tunnel session began.
    Tunnel Type (tunnel)
    Type of tunnel, such as GRE or IPSec.
    Threat Category (thr_category)
    Describes threat categories used to classify different types of threat signatures.
    If a domain external dynamic list generated the log, domain-edl populates this field.
    Content Version (contentver)
    Applications and Threats version on your firewall when the log was generated.
    SCTP Association ID (assoc_id)
    Number that identifies all connections for an association between two SCTP endpoints.
    Payload Protocol ID (ppid)
    ID of the protocol for the payload in the data portion of the data chunk.
    HTTP Headers (http_headers)
    Indicates the inserted HTTP header in the URL log entries on the firewall.
    URL Category List (url_category_list)
    Lists the URL filtering categories that the firewall used to enforce policy.
    Rule UUID (rule_uuid)
    The UUID that permanently identifies the rule.
    HTTP/2 Connection (http2_connection)
    Identifies if traffic used an HTTP/2 connection by displaying one of the following values:
    • TCP connection session ID—session is HTTP/2
    • 0—session is not HTTP/2
    Dynamic User Group Name (dynusergroup_name)
    The name of the dynamic user group that contains the user who initiated the session.
    XFF Address (xff_ip)
    The IP address of the user who requested the web page or the IP address of the next to last device that the request traversed. If the request goes through one or more proxies, load balancers, or other upstream devices, the firewall displays the IP address of the most recent device.
    Based on different appliance implementations, the XFF field may contain non-IP address values.
    Source Device Category (src_category)
    The category for the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Source Device Profile (src_profile)
    The device profile for the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Source Device Model (src_model)
    The model of the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Source Device Vendor (src_vendor)
    The vendor of the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Source Device OS Family (src_osfamily)
    The operating system type for the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Source Device OS Version (src_osversion)
    The version of the operating system for the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Source Hostname (src_host)
    The hostname of the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Source MAC Address (src_mac)
    The MAC address for the device that Device-ID identifies as the source of the traffic.
    Destination Device Category (dst_category)
    The category for the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Destination Device Profile (dst_profile)
    The device profile for the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Destination Device Model (dst_model)
    The model of the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Destination Device Vendor (dst_vendor)
    The vendor of the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Destination Device OS Family (dst_osfamily)
    The operating system type for the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Destination Device OS Version (dst_osversion)
    The version of the operating system for the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Destination Hostname (dst_host)
    The hostname of the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Destination MAC Address (dst_mac)
    The MAC address for the device that Device-ID identifies as the destination for the traffic.
    Container ID (container_id)
    The container ID of the PAN-NGFW pod on the Kubernetes node where the application POD is deployed.
    POD Namespace (pod_namespace)
    The namespace of the application POD being secured.
    POD Name (pod_name)
    The application POD being secured.
    Source External Dynamic List (src_edl)
    The name of the external dynamic list that contains the source IP address of the traffic.
    Destination External Dynamic List (dst_edl)
    The name of the external dynamic list that contains the destination IP address of the traffic.
    Host ID (hostid)
    Unique ID GlobalProtect assigns to identify the host.
    User Device Serial Number (serialnumber)
    Serial number of the user’s machine or device.
    Domain EDL (domain_edl)
    The name of the external dynamic list that contains the domain name of the traffic.
    Source Dynamic Address Group (src_dag)
    Original session source dynamic address group.
    Destination Dynamic Address Group (dst_dag)
    Original destination source dynamic address group.
    Partial Hash (partial_hash)
    Machine Learning partial hash.
    High Resolution Timestamp (high_res timestamp)
    Time in milliseconds the log was received at the management plane.
    The format for this new field is YYYY-MM-DDThh:ss:sssTZD:
    • YYYY—Four digit year
    • MM—Two-digit month
    • DD—Two-digit day of the month (01 through 31)
    • T—Indicator for the beginning of the timestamp
    • hh—Two-digit hour using 24-hour time (00 through 23)
    • mm—Two-digit minute (00 through 59)
    • ss—Two-digit second (00 through 60)
    • sss—One or more digits for millisecond
    • TZD—Time zone designator (+hh:mm or -hh:mm)
    The High Resolution Timestamp is supported for logs received from managed firewalls running PAN-OS 11.1 and later releases. Logs received from managed firewalls running PAN-OS 9.1 and earlier releases display a 1969-12-31T16:00:00:000-8:00 timestamp regardless of when the log was received.
    Reason (reason)
    Reason for Data Filtering action.
    Justification (justification)
    Justification for Data Filtering action.
    A Slice Service Type (nssai_sst)
    The A Slice Service Type of the Network Slice ID.
    Application Subcategory (subcategory_of_app)
    The application subcategory specified in the application configuration properties.
    Application Category (category_of_app)
    The application category specified in the application configuration properties. Values are:
    • business-systems
    • collaboration
    • general-internet
    • media
    • networking
    • saas
    Application Technology (technology_of_app)
    The application technology specified in the application configuration properties. Values are:
    • browser-based
    • client-server
    • network-protocol
    • peer-to-peer
    Application Risk (risk_of_app)
    Risk level associated with the application (1=lowest to 5=highest).
    Application Characteristic (characteristic_of_app)
    Comma-separated list of applicable characteristic of the application
    Application Container (container_of_app)
    The parent application for an application.
    Tunneled Application (tunneled_app)
    		Name of the tunneled application.
    Application SaaS (is_saas_of_app)
    Displays 1 if a SaaS application or 0 if not a SaaS application.
    Application Sanctioned State (sanctioned_state_of_app)
    Displays 1 if application is sanctioned or 0 if application is not sanctioned.
    Cloud Report ID (cloud_reportid)
    (PAN-OS 10.2.0) Unique 32 character ID for a file scanned by the DLP cloud service sent by a firewall.
    (PAN-OS 10.2.1 and later releases) Unique 67 character ID for a file scanned by the DLP cloud service sent by a firewall.
    The same Cloud Report ID is displayed for a file the DLP cloud service has already scanned and generated a Cloud Report ID for.
    Cluster Name (cluster_name)
    Name of the CN-Series firewall cluster.
    Flow Type (flow_type)
    Identifies the type of proxy used for traffic. If a proxy is used, Explicit Proxy or Transparent Proxy is displayed. If no proxy is used, NonProxyTraffic is displayed.

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