General Settings of a Logical Router
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10.1
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General Settings of a Logical Router
Configure a logical router on an Advanced Routing Engine
and optionally change administrative distances, configure ECMP,
and apply RIB filters.
- Network > Routing > Logical Routers > General
When you enable Advanced Routing (DeviceSetupManagement),
the firewall uses a logical router for static and dynamic routing.
A logical router requires that you assign a name and Layer 3 interfaces
as described in the following table. The Advanced Routing route
engine on the firewall supports only one logical router.
You can optionally configure Equal Cost Multiple Path (ECMP)
for the logical router. ECMP processing is a networking feature that
enables the firewall to use up to four equal-cost routes to the
same destination. Without this feature, if there are multiple equal-cost
routes to the same destination, the virtual router chooses one of
those routes from the routing table and adds it to its forwarding
table; it will not use any of the other routes unless there is an
outage in the chosen route. Enabling ECMP functionality on a virtual
router allows the firewall have up to four equal-cost paths to a
destination in its forwarding table, allowing the firewall to:
- Load balance flows (sessions) to the same destination over multiple equal-cost links.
- Make use of the available bandwidth on all links to the same destination rather than leave some links unused.
- Dynamically shift traffic to another ECMP member to the same destination if a link fails, rather than waiting for the routing protocol or RIB table to elect an alternative path, which can help reduce down time when links fail.
ECMP load balancing is done at the session level, not at
the packet level. This means the firewall chooses an equal-cost
path at the start of a new session, not each time the firewall receives
a packet.
Logical Router General Settings | Description |
---|---|
Name | Specify a name to describe the logical router
(up to 31 characters). The name is case-sensitive and must be unique.
Use only letters, numbers, spaces, hyphens, and underscores. |
Interface | |
Interface | Add the Layer 3 interfaces that you want
to include in the logical router. These interfaces can be used as
outgoing interfaces in the logical router’s routing table. To
specify the interface type, refer to Network > Interfaces. When
you add an interface, its connected routes are added automatically. |
Administrative Distances | |
Static | Range is 10 to 240; default is 10. |
OSPF Intra Area | Range is 10 to 240; default is 10. |
OSPF Inter Area | Range is 10 to 240; default is 30. |
OSPF External | Range is 10 to 240; default is 110. |
OSPFv3 Intra Area | Range is 10 to 240; default is 10. |
OSPFv3 Inter Area | Range is 10 to 240; default is 30. |
OSPFv3 External | Range is 10 to 240; default is 110. |
BGP AS Internal | Range is 10 to 240; default is 200. |
BGP AS External | Range is 10 to 240; default is 20. |
BGP Local Route | Range is 10 to 240; default is 20. |
ECMP | |
Enable | Enables Equal-Cost Multiple Path (ECMP)
for the logical router. |
Symmetric Return | (Optional) Select Symmetric Return to
cause return packets to egress out the same interface on which the
associated ingress packets arrived. That is, the firewall will use
the ingress interface on which to send return packets, rather than
use the ECMP interface, so the Symmetric Return setting
overrides load balancing. This behavior occurs only for traffic
flows from the server to the client. |
Strict Source Path | By default, IKE and IPSec traffic originating
at the firewall egresses an interface that the ECMP load-balancing
method determines. Select Strict Source Path to
ensure that IKE and IPSec traffic originating at the firewall always
egresses the physical interface to which the source IP address of
the IPSec tunnel belongs. You would enable Strict Source Path when
the firewall has more than one ISP providing equal-cost paths to
the same destination. The ISPs typically perform a Reverse Path
Forwarding (RPF) check (or a different check to prevent IP address
spoofing) to confirm that the traffic is egressing the same interface
on which it arrived. Because ECMP by default would choose an egress
interface based on the configured ECMP method (instead of choosing
the source interface as the egress interface), that would not be
what the ISP expects and the ISP could block legitimate return traffic.
In this use case, enable Strict Source Path so that the firewall
uses the egress interface that is the interface to which the source
IP address of the IPSec tunnel belongs. |
Max Path | Select the maximum number of equal-cost
paths: (2, 3, or 4) to a destination network that can be copied
from the RIB to the FIB. Default is 2. |
Load-Balancing Method | Choose one of the following ECMP load-balancing algorithms to
use on the virtual router. ECMP load balancing is done at the session
level, not at the packet level. This means that the firewall (ECMP)
chooses an equal-cost path at the start of a new session, not each
time a packet is received.
|
RIB Filter | |
IPv4 - BGP Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv4 BGP
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |
IPv4 - OSPFv2 Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv4 OSPFv2
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |
IPv4 - Static Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv4 static
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |
IPv4 - Connected Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv4 connected
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |
IPv6 - BGP Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv6 BGP
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |
IPv6 - OSPFv3 Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv6 OSPFv3
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |
IPv6 - Static Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv6 static
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |
IPv6 - Connected Route Map | Select a route map to control the IPv6 connected
routes being added to the global RIB. Default is None. |