Enable ZRAM on the VM-Series Firewall
Table of Contents
11.1
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- VM-Series Deployments
- VM-Series in High Availability
- IPv6 Support on Public Cloud
- Enable Jumbo Frames on the VM-Series Firewall
- Hypervisor Assigned MAC Addresses
- Custom PAN-OS Metrics Published for Monitoring
- Interface Used for Accessing External Services on the VM-Series Firewall
- PacketMMAP and DPDK Driver Support
- Enable NUMA Performance Optimization on the VM-Series
- Enable ZRAM on the VM-Series Firewall
- Additional XFF IP Logging
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- Licensing and Prerequisites for Virtual Systems Support on VM-Series
- System Requirements for Virtual Systems Support on VM-Series
- Enable Multiple Virtual Systems Support on VM-Series Firewall
- Enable Multiple Virtual Systems Support on VM-Series in Panorama Console
- Enable Multiple Virtual Systems Support Using Bootstrap Method
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- VM-Series Firewall Licensing
- Create a Support Account
- Serial Number and CPU ID Format for the VM-Series Firewall
- Use Panorama-Based Software Firewall License Management
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- Activate Credits
- Create a Deployment Profile
- Activate the Deployment Profile
- Manage a Deployment Profile
- Register the VM-Series Firewall (Software NGFW Credits)
- Provision Panorama
- Migrate Panorama to a Software NGFW License
- Transfer Credits
- Renew Your Software NGFW Credits
- Deactivate License (Software NGFW Credits)
- Delicense Ungracefully Terminated Firewalls
- Set the Number of Licensed vCPUs
- Customize Dataplane Cores
- Migrate a Firewall to a Flexible VM-Series License
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- Generate Your OAuth Client Credentials
- Manage Deployment Profiles Using the Licensing API
- Create a Deployment Profile Using the Licensing API
- Update a Deployment Profile Using the Licensing API
- Get Serial Numbers Associated with an Authcode Using the API
- Deactivate a VM-Series Firewall Using the API
- What Happens When Licenses Expire?
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- Supported Deployments on VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi)
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- Plan the Interfaces for the VM-Series for ESXi
- Provision the VM-Series Firewall on an ESXi Server
- Perform Initial Configuration on the VM-Series on ESXi
- Add Additional Disk Space to the VM-Series Firewall
- Use VMware Tools on the VM-Series Firewall on ESXi and vCloud Air
- Use vMotion to Move the VM-Series Firewall Between Hosts
- Use the VM-Series CLI to Swap the Management Interface on ESXi
- Configure Link Aggregation Control Protocol
- ESXi Simplified Onboarding
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- Supported Deployments of the VM-Series Firewall on VMware NSX-T (North-South)
- Components of the VM-Series Firewall on NSX-T (North-South)
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- Install the Panorama Plugin for VMware NSX
- Enable Communication Between NSX-T Manager and Panorama
- Create Template Stacks and Device Groups on Panorama
- Configure the Service Definition on Panorama
- Deploy the VM-Series Firewall
- Direct Traffic to the VM-Series Firewall
- Apply Security Policy to the VM-Series Firewall on NSX-T
- Use vMotion to Move the VM-Series Firewall Between Hosts
- Extend Security Policy from NSX-V to NSX-T
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- Components of the VM-Series Firewall on NSX-T (East-West)
- VM-Series Firewall on NSX-T (East-West) Integration
- Supported Deployments of the VM-Series Firewall on VMware NSX-T (East-West)
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- Install the Panorama Plugin for VMware NSX
- Enable Communication Between NSX-T Manager and Panorama
- Create Template Stacks and Device Groups on Panorama
- Configure the Service Definition on Panorama
- Launch the VM-Series Firewall on NSX-T (East-West)
- Add a Service Chain
- Direct Traffic to the VM-Series Firewall
- Apply Security Policies to the VM-Series Firewall on NSX-T (East-West)
- Use vMotion to Move the VM-Series Firewall Between Hosts
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- Install the Panorama Plugin for VMware NSX
- Enable Communication Between NSX-T Manager and Panorama
- Create Template Stacks and Device Groups on Panorama
- Configure the Service Definition on Panorama
- Launch the VM-Series Firewall on NSX-T (East-West)
- Create Dynamic Address Groups
- Create Dynamic Address Group Membership Criteria
- Generate Steering Policy
- Generate Steering Rules
- Delete a Service Definition from Panorama
- Migrate from VM-Series on NSX-T Operation to Security Centric Deployment
- Extend Security Policy from NSX-V to NSX-T
- Use In-Place Migration to Move Your VM-Series from NSX-V to NSX-T
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- Deployments Supported on AWS
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- Planning Worksheet for the VM-Series in the AWS VPC
- Launch the VM-Series Firewall on AWS
- Launch the VM-Series Firewall on AWS Outpost
- Create a Custom Amazon Machine Image (AMI)
- Encrypt EBS Volume for the VM-Series Firewall on AWS
- Use the VM-Series Firewall CLI to Swap the Management Interface
- Enable CloudWatch Monitoring on the VM-Series Firewall
- Publish ENA Network Performance Metrics to AWS CloudWatch
- VM-Series Firewall Startup and Health Logs on AWS
- Simplified Onboarding of VM-Series Firewall on AWS
- Use AWS Secrets Manager to Store VM-Series Certificates
- AWS Shared VPC Monitoring
- Use Case: Secure the EC2 Instances in the AWS Cloud
- Use Case: Use Dynamic Address Groups to Secure New EC2 Instances within the VPC
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- Software Cut-through Based Offload
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- Deployments Supported on Azure
- Deploy the VM-Series Firewall from the Azure Marketplace (Solution Template)
- Simplified Onboarding of VM-Series Firewall on Azure
- Deploy the VM-Series Firewall from the Azure China Marketplace (Solution Template)
- Deploy the VM-Series with the Azure Gateway Load Balancer
- Create a Custom VM-Series Image for Azure
- Deploy the VM-Series Firewall on Azure Stack
- Deploy the VM-Series Firewall on Azure Stack HCI
- Enable Azure Application Insights on the VM-Series Firewall
- Azure Health Monitoring
- Set up Active/Passive HA on Azure
- Use Azure Key Vault to Store VM-Series Certificates
- Use the ARM Template to Deploy the VM-Series Firewall
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- About the VM-Series Firewall on Google Cloud Platform
- Supported Deployments on Google Cloud Platform
- Create a Custom VM-Series Firewall Image for Google Cloud Platform
- Prepare to Set Up VM-Series Firewalls on Google Public Cloud
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- Deploy the VM-Series Firewall from Google Cloud Platform Marketplace
- Management Interface Swap for Google Cloud Platform Load Balancing
- Use the VM-Series Firewall CLI to Swap the Management Interface
- Enable Google Stackdriver Monitoring on the VM Series Firewall
- Enable VM Monitoring to Track VM Changes on Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
- Use Dynamic Address Groups to Secure Instances Within the VPC
- Use Custom Templates or the gcloud CLI to Deploy the VM-Series Firewall
- Enable Session Resiliency on VM-Series for GCP
- Google Cloud Network Security Integration (NSI) with VM-Series Firewalls
- Secure Boot Support for VM-Series on GCP
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- Prepare Your ACI Environment for Integration
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- Create a Virtual Router and Security Zone
- Configure the Network Interfaces
- Configure a Static Default Route
- Create Address Objects for the EPGs
- Create Security Policy Rules
- Create a VLAN Pool and Domain
- Configure an Interface Policy for LLDP and LACP for East-West Traffic
- Establish the Connection Between the Firewall and ACI Fabric
- Create a VRF and Bridge Domain
- Create an L4-L7 Device
- Create a Policy-Based Redirect
- Create and Apply a Service Graph Template
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- Create a VLAN Pool and External Routed Domain
- Configure an Interface Policy for LLDP and LACP for North-South Traffic
- Create an External Routed Network
- Configure Subnets to Advertise to the External Firewall
- Create an Outbound Contract
- Create an Inbound Web Contract
- Apply Outbound and Inbound Contracts to the EPGs
- Create a Virtual Router and Security Zone for North-South Traffic
- Configure the Network Interfaces
- Configure Route Redistribution and OSPF
- Configure NAT for External Connections
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- Choose a Bootstrap Method
- VM-Series Firewall Bootstrap Workflow
- Bootstrap Package
- Bootstrap Configuration Files
- Bootstrapping VM-Series in Virtual Metadata Collector Mode
- Generate the VM Auth Key on Panorama
- Create the bootstrap.xml File
- Prepare the Licenses for Bootstrapping
- Prepare the Bootstrap Package
- Bootstrap the VM-Series Firewall on AWS
- Bootstrap the VM-Series Firewall on Azure
- Bootstrap the VM-Series Firewall on Azure Stack HCI
- Bootstrap the VM-Series Firewall on Google Cloud Platform
- Verify Bootstrap Completion
- Bootstrap Errors
Enable ZRAM on the VM-Series Firewall
If your VM-Series firewall experiences low or out-of memory conditions, you can enable ZRAM to
improve memory usage. ZRAM, also called compcache (compressed cache), is a Linux
kernel module for creating a compressed block device in RAM. When enabled, ZRAM is
used as a swap disk and allows for faster I/O of swap because it resides in the
RAM.
Complete the following
steps to enable ZRAM.
- Log in to the VM-Series CLI.Find the total memory on the VM by using the following CLI command.grep pattern "MiB Mem :" mp-log mp-monitor.log
admin@Lab41-39-PA-VM> grep pattern "MiB Mem :" mp-log mp-monitor.log MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 346.3 free, 4712.8 used, 10971.5 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 354.3 free, 4704.8 used, 10971.6 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 347.8 free, 4711.0 used, 10971.8 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 290.0 free, 4768.8 used, 10971.8 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 353.9 free, 4704.6 used, 10972.1 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 347.2 free, 4711.1 used, 10972.3 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 353.8 free, 4704.4 used, 10972.4 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 346.9 free, 4710.9 used, 10972.8 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 353.1 free, 4704.5 used, 10973.0 buff/cache MiB Mem : 16030.6 total, 346.8 free, 4710.7 used, 10973.2 buff/cache
Enable ZRAM using the following two CLI commands.debug software kernelcfg zram-swap enabledebug software kernelcfg zram-swap modify host-mem-threshold <total-memory-in-MB>Reboot the VM-Series firewall.Verify that ZRAM is enabled.debug software kernelcfg zram-swap show run-timedebug software kernelcfg zram-swap show run-time ZRAM MODULE: LOADED ZRAM SWAP: ON ZRAM DEVICE NUM: 1 ZRAM MEM_LIMIT(MB): 1350 ZRAM DISK_SIZE(MB): 4000 ZRAM ORI_DATA_SIZE(B): 22163456 ZRAM COMP_DATA_SIZE(B): 1957437 ZRAM MEM_USED_TOTAL(B): 2465792You can verify ZRAM status in the pan_kernelcfg.log.INFO: Zram swap is turned on now INFO: Done with ZRAM mem_limit configuration