Configure QoS for a Virtual System
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Next-Generation Firewall Docs
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PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
- Cloud Management of NGFWs
- PAN-OS 10.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 10.1
- PAN-OS 10.2
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
- PAN-OS 9.1 (EoL)
-
- Management Interfaces
-
- Launch the Web Interface
- Use the Administrator Login Activity Indicators to Detect Account Misuse
- Manage and Monitor Administrative Tasks
- Commit, Validate, and Preview Firewall Configuration Changes
- Commit Selective Configuration Changes
- Export Configuration Table Data
- Use Global Find to Search the Firewall or Panorama Management Server
- Manage Locks for Restricting Configuration Changes
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-
- Define Access to the Web Interface Tabs
- Provide Granular Access to the Monitor Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Policy Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Objects Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Network Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Device Tab
- Define User Privacy Settings in the Admin Role Profile
- Restrict Administrator Access to Commit and Validate Functions
- Provide Granular Access to Global Settings
- Provide Granular Access to the Panorama Tab
- Provide Granular Access to Operations Settings
- Panorama Web Interface Access Privileges
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- Reset the Firewall to Factory Default Settings
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- Plan Your Authentication Deployment
- Pre-Logon for SAML Authentication
- Configure SAML Authentication
- Configure Kerberos Single Sign-On
- Configure Kerberos Server Authentication
- Configure TACACS+ Authentication
- Configure TACACS Accounting
- Configure RADIUS Authentication
- Configure LDAP Authentication
- Configure Local Database Authentication
- Configure an Authentication Profile and Sequence
- Test Authentication Server Connectivity
- Troubleshoot Authentication Issues
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- Keys and Certificates
- Default Trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs)
- Certificate Deployment
- Configure the Master Key
- Export a Certificate and Private Key
- Configure a Certificate Profile
- Configure an SSL/TLS Service Profile
- Configure an SSH Service Profile
- Replace the Certificate for Inbound Management Traffic
- Configure the Key Size for SSL Forward Proxy Server Certificates
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- HA Overview
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- Prerequisites for Active/Active HA
- Configure Active/Active HA
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- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Route-Based Redundancy
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Floating IP Addresses
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with ARP Load-Sharing
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Floating IP Address Bound to Active-Primary Firewall
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Source DIPP NAT Using Floating IP Addresses
- Use Case: Configure Separate Source NAT IP Address Pools for Active/Active HA Firewalls
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA for ARP Load-Sharing with Destination NAT
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA for ARP Load-Sharing with Destination NAT in Layer 3
- HA Clustering Overview
- HA Clustering Best Practices and Provisioning
- Configure HA Clustering
- Refresh HA1 SSH Keys and Configure Key Options
- HA Firewall States
- Reference: HA Synchronization
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- Use the Dashboard
- Monitor Applications and Threats
- Monitor Block List
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- Report Types
- View Reports
- Configure the Expiration Period and Run Time for Reports
- Disable Predefined Reports
- Custom Reports
- Generate Custom Reports
- Generate the SaaS Application Usage Report
- Manage PDF Summary Reports
- Generate User/Group Activity Reports
- Manage Report Groups
- Schedule Reports for Email Delivery
- Manage Report Storage Capacity
- View Policy Rule Usage
- Use External Services for Monitoring
- Configure Log Forwarding
- Configure Email Alerts
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- Configure Syslog Monitoring
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- Traffic Log Fields
- Threat Log Fields
- URL Filtering Log Fields
- Data Filtering Log Fields
- HIP Match Log Fields
- GlobalProtect Log Fields
- IP-Tag Log Fields
- User-ID Log Fields
- Decryption Log Fields
- Tunnel Inspection Log Fields
- SCTP Log Fields
- Authentication Log Fields
- Config Log Fields
- System Log Fields
- Correlated Events Log Fields
- GTP Log Fields
- Audit Log Fields
- Syslog Severity
- Custom Log/Event Format
- Escape Sequences
- Forward Logs to an HTTP/S Destination
- Firewall Interface Identifiers in SNMP Managers and NetFlow Collectors
- Monitor Transceivers
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- User-ID Overview
- Enable User-ID
- Map Users to Groups
- Enable User- and Group-Based Policy
- Enable Policy for Users with Multiple Accounts
- Verify the User-ID Configuration
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- App-ID Overview
- App-ID and HTTP/2 Inspection
- Manage Custom or Unknown Applications
- Safely Enable Applications on Default Ports
- Applications with Implicit Support
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- Prepare to Deploy App-ID Cloud Engine
- Enable or Disable the App-ID Cloud Engine
- App-ID Cloud Engine Processing and Policy Usage
- New App Viewer (Policy Optimizer)
- Add Apps to an Application Filter with Policy Optimizer
- Add Apps to an Application Group with Policy Optimizer
- Add Apps Directly to a Rule with Policy Optimizer
- Replace an RMA Firewall (ACE)
- Impact of License Expiration or Disabling ACE
- Commit Failure Due to Cloud Content Rollback
- Troubleshoot App-ID Cloud Engine
- Application Level Gateways
- Disable the SIP Application-level Gateway (ALG)
- Maintain Custom Timeouts for Data Center Applications
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- Decryption Overview
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- Keys and Certificates for Decryption Policies
- SSL Forward Proxy
- SSL Forward Proxy Decryption Profile
- SSL Inbound Inspection
- SSL Inbound Inspection Decryption Profile
- SSL Protocol Settings Decryption Profile
- SSH Proxy
- SSH Proxy Decryption Profile
- Profile for No Decryption
- SSL Decryption for Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) Certificates
- Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) Support for SSL Decryption
- SSL Decryption and Subject Alternative Names (SANs)
- TLSv1.3 Decryption
- High Availability Not Supported for Decrypted Sessions
- Decryption Mirroring
- Configure SSL Forward Proxy
- Configure SSL Inbound Inspection
- Configure SSH Proxy
- Configure Server Certificate Verification for Undecrypted Traffic
- Post-Quantum Cryptography Detection and Control
- Enable Users to Opt Out of SSL Decryption
- Temporarily Disable SSL Decryption
- Configure Decryption Port Mirroring
- Verify Decryption
- Activate Free Licenses for Decryption Features
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- Policy Types
- Policy Objects
- Track Rules Within a Rulebase
- Enforce Policy Rule Description, Tag, and Audit Comment
- Move or Clone a Policy Rule or Object to a Different Virtual System
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- External Dynamic List
- Built-in External Dynamic Lists
- Configure the Firewall to Access an External Dynamic List
- Retrieve an External Dynamic List from the Web Server
- View External Dynamic List Entries
- Exclude Entries from an External Dynamic List
- Enforce Policy on an External Dynamic List
- Find External Dynamic Lists That Failed Authentication
- Disable Authentication for an External Dynamic List
- Register IP Addresses and Tags Dynamically
- Use Dynamic User Groups in Policy
- Use Auto-Tagging to Automate Security Actions
- CLI Commands for Dynamic IP Addresses and Tags
- Application Override Policy
- Test Policy Rules
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- Network Segmentation Using Zones
- How Do Zones Protect the Network?
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PAN-OS 10.1
- PAN-OS 10.1
- PAN-OS 10.2
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
-
- Tap Interfaces
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- Layer 2 and Layer 3 Packets over a Virtual Wire
- Port Speeds of Virtual Wire Interfaces
- LLDP over a Virtual Wire
- Aggregated Interfaces for a Virtual Wire
- Virtual Wire Support of High Availability
- Zone Protection for a Virtual Wire Interface
- VLAN-Tagged Traffic
- Virtual Wire Subinterfaces
- Configure Virtual Wires
- Configure an Aggregate Interface Group
- Configure Bonjour Reflector for Network Segmentation
- Use Interface Management Profiles to Restrict Access
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- DNS Overview
- DNS Proxy Object
- DNS Server Profile
- Multi-Tenant DNS Deployments
- Configure a DNS Proxy Object
- Configure a DNS Server Profile
- Use Case 1: Firewall Requires DNS Resolution
- Use Case 2: ISP Tenant Uses DNS Proxy to Handle DNS Resolution for Security Policies, Reporting, and Services within its Virtual System
- Use Case 3: Firewall Acts as DNS Proxy Between Client and Server
- DNS Proxy Rule and FQDN Matching
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- NAT Rule Capacities
- Dynamic IP and Port NAT Oversubscription
- Dataplane NAT Memory Statistics
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- Translate Internal Client IP Addresses to Your Public IP Address (Source DIPP NAT)
- Enable Clients on the Internal Network to Access your Public Servers (Destination U-Turn NAT)
- Enable Bi-Directional Address Translation for Your Public-Facing Servers (Static Source NAT)
- Configure Destination NAT with DNS Rewrite
- Configure Destination NAT Using Dynamic IP Addresses
- Modify the Oversubscription Rate for DIPP NAT
- Reserve Dynamic IP NAT Addresses
- Disable NAT for a Specific Host or Interface
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- Network Packet Broker Overview
- How Network Packet Broker Works
- Prepare to Deploy Network Packet Broker
- Configure Transparent Bridge Security Chains
- Configure Routed Layer 3 Security Chains
- Network Packet Broker HA Support
- User Interface Changes for Network Packet Broker
- Limitations of Network Packet Broker
- Troubleshoot Network Packet Broker
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-
Cloud Management and AIOps for NGFW
- Cloud Management and AIOps for NGFW
- PAN-OS 10.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 10.1
- PAN-OS 10.2
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 11.1
- PAN-OS 11.2
- PAN-OS 8.1 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 9.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 9.1 (EoL)
Configure QoS for a Virtual System
QoS can be configured for a single or several
virtual systems configured on a Palo Alto Networks firewall. Because
a virtual system is an independent firewall, QoS must be configured
independently for a single virtual system.
Configuring QoS
for a virtual system is similar to configuring QoS on a physical
firewall, with the exception that configuring QoS for a virtual
system requires specifying the source and destination of traffic.
Because a virtual system exists without set physical boundaries
and because traffic in a virtual environment spans more than one
virtual system, specifying source and destination zones and interfaces
for traffic is necessary to control and shape traffic for a single
virtual system.
The example below shows two virtual systems configured on firewall. VSYS 1 (purple) and VSYS 2
(red) each have QoS configured to prioritize or limit two distinct traffic flows,
indicated by their corresponding purple (VSYS 1) and red (VSYS 2) lines. The QoS
nodes indicate the points at which traffic is matched to a QoS policy and assigned a
QoS class of service, and then later indicate the point at which traffic is shaped
as it egresses the firewall.
Refer
to Virtual
Systems for information on virtual systems and how to configure
them.
- Confirm that the appropriate interfaces, virtual routers, and security zones are associated with each virtual system.
- To view configured interfaces, select NetworkInterface.
- To view configured zones, select NetworkZones.
- To view information on defined virtual routers, select NetworkVirtual Routers.
- Identify traffic to apply QoS to.Select ACC to view the Application Command Center page. Use the settings and charts on the ACC page to view trends and traffic related to Applications, URL filtering, Threat Prevention, Data Filtering, and HIP Matches.To view information for a specific virtual system, select the virtual system from the Virtual System drop-down:Click any application name to display detailed application information.
- Identify the egress interface for applications that you identified as needing QoS treatment.In a virtual system environment, QoS is applied to traffic on the traffic’s egress point on the virtual system. Depending the configuration and QoS policy for a virtual system, the egress point of QoS traffic could be associated with a physical interface or could be a zone.This example shows how to limit web-browsing traffic on vsys 1.Select MonitorLogsTraffic to view traffic logs. Each entry has the option to display columns with information necessary to configure QoS in a virtual system environment:
- virtual system
- egress interface
- ingress interface
- source zone
- destination zone
To display a column if it is not displayed by default:- Click any column header to add a column to the log:
- Click the spyglass icon to the left of any entry to display a detailed log that includes the application’s egress interface, as well as source and destination zones, in the Source and Destination sections:
For example, for web-browsing traffic from VSYS 1, the ingress interface is ethernet 1/2, the egress interface is ethernet 1/1, the source zone is trust and the destination zone is untrust. - Create a QoS Profile.You can edit any existing QoS Profile, including the default, by clicking the profile name.
- Select NetworkNetwork ProfilesQoS Profile and click Add to open the QoS Profile dialog.
- Enter a descriptive Profile Name.
- Enter an Egress Max to set the overall bandwidth allocation for the QoS profile.
- Enter an Egress Guaranteed to set the guaranteed bandwidth for the QoS profile.Any traffic that exceeds the QoS profile’s egress guaranteed limit is best effort but is not guaranteed.
- In the Classes section of the QoS Profile, specify how to treat up to eight individual QoS classes:
- Click Add to add a class to the QoS Profile.
- Select the Priority for the class.
- Enter an Egress Max for a class to set the overall bandwidth limit for that individual class.
- Enter an Egress Guaranteed for the class to set the guaranteed bandwidth for that individual class.
- Click OK to save the QoS profile.
- Create a QoS policy.In an environment with multiple virtual systems, traffic spans more than one virtual system. Because of this, when you are enabling QoS for a virtual system, you must define traffic to receive QoS treatment based on source and destination zones. This ensures that the traffic is prioritized and shaped only for that virtual system (and not for other virtual systems through which the traffic might flow).
- Select PoliciesQoS and Add a QoS Policy Rule.
- Select General and give the QoS Policy Rule a descriptive Name.
- Specify the traffic to which the QoS policy rule will apply. Use the Source, Destination, Application, and Service/URL Category tabs to define matching parameters for identifying traffic.For example, select Application and Add web-browsing to apply the QoS policy rule to that application:
- Select Source and Add the source zone of vsys 1 web-browsing traffic.
- Select Destination and Add the destination zone of vsys 1 web-browsing traffic.
- Select Other Settings and select a QoS Class to assign to the QoS policy rule. For example, assign Class 2 to web-browsing traffic on vsys 1:
- Click OK to save the QoS policy rule.
- Enable the QoS Profile on a physical interface.It is a best practice to always define the Egress Max value for a QoS interface.
- Select NetworkQoS and click Add to open the QoS Interface dialog.
- Enable QoS on the physical interface:
- On the Physical Interface tab, select the Interface Name of the interface to apply the QoS Profile to.In this example, ethernet 1/1 is the egress interface for web-browsing traffic on vsys 1 (see Step2).
- Select Turn on QoS feature on this interface.
- On the Physical Interface tab, select the default QoS profile to apply to all Clear Text traffic.(Optional) Use the Tunnel Interface field to apply a default QoS profile to all tunneled traffic.
- (Optional) On the Clear Text Traffic tab, configure additional QoS settings for clear text traffic:
- Set the Egress Guaranteed and Egress Max bandwidths for clear text traffic.
- Click Add to apply a QoS Profile to selected clear text traffic, further selecting the traffic for QoS treatment according to source interface and source subnet (creating a QoS node).
- (Optional) On the Tunneled Traffic tab, configure additional QoS settings for tunnel interfaces:
- Set the Egress Guaranteed and Egress Max bandwidths for tunneled traffic.
- Click Add to associate a selected tunnel interface with a QoS Profile.
- Click OK to save changes.
- Commit the changes.
- Verify QoS configuration.
- Select NetworkQoS to view the QoS Policies page. The QoS Policies page verifies that QoS is enabled and includes a Statistics link. Click the Statistics link to view QoS bandwidth, active sessions of a selected QoS node or class, and active applications for the selected QoS node or class.
- In a multi-vsys environment, sessions cannot span multiple systems. Multiple sessions are created for one traffic flow if the traffic passes through more than one virtual system. To browse sessions running on the firewall and view applied QoS Rules and QoS Classes, select MonitorSession Browser.